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中文简体What is Piezoelectric Ceramics
Piezoelectric ceramics is an information functional ceramic material that can convert mechanical energy and electrical energy to each other - piezoelectric effect. In addition to piezoelectricity, piezoelectric ceramics also have dielectric properties, elasticity, etc., and have been widely used in medical imaging, Acoustic sensors, acoustic transducers, ultrasonic motors, etc. Piezoelectric ceramics are made by using the material under the action of mechanical stress to cause the relative displacement of ceramic igniter heater the internal positive and negative charge centers to cause polarization, resulting in the appearance of bound charges with opposite signs on the surfaces of the material, that is, the piezoelectric effect. Ceramics are mainly used in the manufacture of ultrasonic transducers, underwater acoustic transducers, electroacoustic transducers, ceramic filters, ceramic transformers, ceramic frequency discriminators, high voltage generators, infrared detectors, surface acoustic wave devices, electro-optical devices, In addition to being used in high-tech fields, ignition and detonation devices and piezoelectric gyroscopes are more used in daily life to serve people and strive to create a better life for people.
The composition of piezoelectric ceramics
Commonly used piezoelectric ceramics include barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate binary system and the addition of a third ABO3 (A means divalent metal ion, B means tetravalent metal ion or the sum of several ions is positive four) in the binary system. Valence) type compounds, such as: ternary system composed of Pb (Mn1/3Nb2/3) O3 and Pb (Co1/3Nb2/3) O3. If a fourth or more compound is added to the ternary system, a quaternary system or a multi-component piezoelectric ceramic can be formed. In addition, there is also a metaniobate piezoelectric ceramics, such as potassium sodium metaniobate (Na0.5·K0.5·NbO3) and barium strontium metaniobate (Bax·Sr1-x·Nb2O5), etc. Contains toxic lead, which is good for environmental protection.
Gas stove igniters can be generally divided into two types, one is pulse igniter, which is the most common igniter now, and the other is piezoelectric ceramic igniter, which has been widely used in the past few years, but with the progress of society, Has gradually withdrawn from the stage of history. Today I mainly talk to you about what is a piezoelectric ceramic igniter? In fact, the principle is very similar to that of the flint stone of a lighter. The knob of the gas stove is connected to the paddle. When we press the knob, the paddle will collide with the protruding end of the ignition hammer. When the knob is turned, the paddle moves to the left against the protruding end of the ignition hammer. With the increase of the rotation angle, the ignition hammer is separated from the paddle, and under the action of the spring, the piezoelectric element is quickly struck.
Many friends don't quite understand what a piezoelectric element is. A piezoelectric element is a special ceramic dielectric. No matter whether it is pressed or stretched at both ends, polarization will be generated, and the same charge will be generated at both ends, and the middle will be generated. Different charges, and the instantaneous charge is very high. If the ignition hammer hits in an instant, a high voltage of 5000V to 10000V can be generated. The high voltage is transmitted to the ignition needle through the wire, and the ignition needle ionizes the air at the tip to discharge and ignite the gas.
The advantage of piezoelectric ceramic igniter is that it does not need power supply, and has a very long life. It can achieve about 50,000 ignition operations. Generally, it can be used for about 10 years. It is cheap and easy to operate. But the disadvantage is also very obvious, can not fire continuously. If the gas is not ignited once, it needs to be reset again, so it is more troublesome to use.
